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Notice: The NSCA website is scheduled to undergo system maintenance from 2:00 AM - 2:30 AM EST. During this time, there may be short service interruptions across the site and some parts of  the site may not be accessible. We apologize for any inconvenience while we work to improve the website experience and security.

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(312 found)

Protein and Amino Acid Requirements for Elderly Clients

July 25, 2025

Article Members Only

This Personal Trainers Quarterly article presents protein dosing strategies to maximize wellness for the aging population. Visit NSCA online to read more on nutrition, health, and wellness.

Personal trainers Exercise Science Exercise Technique Program design Client Consultation|Assessment Basic Pathophysiology and Science of Health Status or Condition and Disorder or Disease Professional Development Muscle Protein Synthesis Daily Nutrition Anabolic Response Sarcopenia Animal Proteins Leucine EAA BCAA

Understanding the Physiological Limiting Factors of VO2max

December 17, 2018

Article Members Only

Determining VO2max can be useful in all areas of health, from potential diagnosis of heart disease in the elderly to measuring peak performance in elite athletes. This article will discuss the physiological limiting factors of VO2max and the role each plays in cardiovascular improvement.

Personal trainers Exercise Science Program design Vo2 Max Aerobic Capacity Aerobic Training Cardiovascular Training

Low Back Pain—The Mobility-Stability Continuum

August 13, 2018

Article

Nearly all fitness professionals are forced to address low back pain (LBP) to some extent, regardless of the age or population with which they work. The purpose of this article is to shed light on contemporary research surrounding LBP.

Personal trainers Program design Mobility Lower Back Pain Mobility for Lower Back Stability Stability for Lower Back

Traditional Versus Minimalist Footwear—Injury Concerns

April 2, 2015

Article Members Only

When it comes to traditional versus minimalist footwear, there are many considerations for injury risk. This article weighs the risks and benefits of both types of footwear from focusing on current literature on the subject.

Personal trainers Safety minimalist running shoes running injuries Minimalist footwear

Carnitine—Effective Fat-Loss Supplement

January 1, 2015

Article Members Only

Although it may be possible to increase skeletal muscle levels of carnitine by combining it with relatively large amounts of carbohydrates repeatedly throughout the day, or by taking it with choline, there is limited data that shows that carnitine is a fat-burner that results in significant reductions in fat mass.

Personal trainers Exercise Science Nutrition how to lose weight carnitine best weight loss methods weight loss supplements

Youth Performance and Fitness—Strength and Conditioning Information for Parents

March 1, 2013

Article

Strength and conditioning professionals who incorporate a properly designed and supervised training program can help their young athletes train, compete, and reduce the likelihood of injury.

Personal trainers Coaches Exercise Science Program design youth athlete training youth strength training youth training guidelines

Benefits of High-Intensity Interval Training for Athletic, General, and Clinical Populations

August 14, 2020

Article Members Only

The goal of this brief review is to describe what classifies as high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and summarize the potential benefits for various populations: athletic, general, and clinical.

Personal trainers Exercise Science Program design HIIT Maximal Aerobic Capacity Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training Tabata

Hospitality in Fitness – Part I – Improving Client Satisfaction in Group Fitness Training

August 19, 2025

Article Members Only

This Personal Training Quarterly article shares hospitality­driven approaches to help personal trainers build connections with clients. Visit NSCA online to read more on fitness, hospitality and health news.

Personal trainers Program design Organization and Administration Testing and Evaluation Client Consultation|Assessment Professional Development Encouragement Empathy Positive Mindset Contextual Associations Client Success Motivation Group Fitness Training Hospitality

Low Back Pain—Is Motor Control Exercise Superior to General Exercise? A Review of the Research

July 1, 2016

Article Members Only

This article provides an overview of the scientific evidence comparing specific motor control exercise intervention to using a more general exercise approach, and concludes by discussing the practical implications for strength and conditioning professionals from an exercise programming perspective.

Personal trainers Exercise Technique Program design strength and conditioning personal training motor control exercise low back pain

Walking Your Way to Wellness – The Simple Path to Better Health

August 26, 2025

Article Members Only

This Personal Trainers Quarterly article promotes the benefits of walking to boost physical activity and improve overall health outcomes. Visit NSCA online to read more on health science and low-impact exercises.

Personal trainers Exercise Science Exercise Technique Program design Testing and Evaluation Client Consultation|Assessment Basic Pathophysiology and Science of Health Status or Condition and Disorder or Disease Professional Development Low-Impact Training Obesity Osteoporosis Type 2 Diabetes Hypertension Anxiety Depression Mental Health

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